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Dogme in diferite biserici
Pe un alt topic despre dogme in general, am adus in discutie faptul ca invataturi suplimentare celor date de Domnul, invataturi formulate ulterior ca si dogme, au divizat crestinatatea. Vazand anumite raspunsuri primite, am inceput sa imi pun intrebarea daca toti cei dintr-o confesiune sunt deacord cu ceea ce este si ceea ce nu este dogma in confesiunea proprie.
Ca atare cate dogme are Ortodoxia rasariteana si care sunt acelea? Aceeasi intrebare pentru Ortodoxia orientala, catolicism si ramuri protestante si neoprotestante. Iar a doua intrebare: care sunt pasajele biblice care ar sustine fiecare dogma in parte? Stiu ca exista gramada de carti de dogmatica si nu se poate trata totul in niste postari, ci ma intereseaza mai degraba modul de abordare al problemei de diversi useri interesati de capitolul dogme. Multumesc anticipat. |
Nu sunt "diferite biserici".
Una este Sfanta si Apostoliceasca Biserica - Biserica Ortodoxa. Restul sunt imitatii ieftine cu tot ce deriva de aici. Nu cei care chipurile, dupa protestanti, au "suplimentat" invatatura crestina au divizat crestinismul ci tocmai cei care au incercat sa o "simplifice" chipurile, care in loc sa se intoarca cu adevarat la origini au instaurat dictatura bunului plac si pus in carca Duhului Sfant (blasfemie) in materie de invatatura crestina. Inainte de a te arunca la dogmatica ar trebui poate mai intai sa citesti niste istorie, sa vezi cum s-a ajuns de la dogma crestina la impunerea rationalismului pseudo-duhovnicesc si infaibilismului (de la teribilism) ca norma crestina. Tu ce vrei acum, un rezumat complet al unor carti intregi in cateva postari de forum? Daca vrei ceva cat de cat sintentic - Parinele Cleopa - Calauza in credinta ortodoxa. |
Lucrurile nu stau chiar așa cum încerci să le prezinți, ci ai făcut afirmații foarte clare precum:
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Ca raspuns la topic ar fi simplu de spus in felul urmator:
- Ortodoxia are n dogme. Ele sunt: x, y, z etc iar pasajele biblice care le atesta sunt pasajele a,b,c pentru dogma x, pasajele d,e,f pentru dogma y etc. (doar referintele) Idem pentru celelalte confesiuni. Daca si asa este prea mult, raspundeti macar cate dogme sunt si care sunt acelea, fara sa mentionati pasajele Biblice ci doar sa spuneti daca ele exista sau nu. Multumesc anticipat. |
Parinele Cleopa - Calauza in credinta ortodoxa
Poate nu esenta ortodoxie dar exact aspectele contestate de celelalte confesiuni asa zis crestine. Daca nici atat nu poti citi.. |
Pe de altă parte ai deschis o temă pe care s-au scris și se scriu tratate de dogmatică de sute și mii de pagini și tu ai de gând să le expediezi în câteva postări, ca să nu aduc aminte că dogme sau controverse dogmatice, spre exemplu ca filioque, au fost și sunt tratate la fire de discuție corespunzătoare și deja deschise. Deci ceea ce vrei dumneata este să îți dăm copy-paste la niște tratate de dogmatică, ori eu cred că nu prea este necesar așa ceva și cred că ar fi bine să te apuci chiar dumneata să citești tratate și studii de dogmatică. Subiectul este mult prea vast pentru a fi tratat într-un fir de discuție.
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Daca tu ai citit, fii bun te rog si spune macar cate dogme are Ortodoxia si care sunt acelea. Macar atat. Si asta este prea mult de scris aici? |
Dar nu știe nimeni câte dogme are, sau câte învățături de bază. Nu a stat nimeni să le numere.
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În cazul ăsta îți recomand Sfânta Scriptură, Sinoadele Ecumenice, Tratatele de Dogmatică (chiar dacă nu tot ce scrie acolo este neapărat dogmă), Scrieri ale Sfinților Părinți. Deocamdată nu le am pe toate la mine și, din câte știu, ocupă un loc cam mare într-o bibliotecă.
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Daca v-as intreba care Persoane constituie Trinitatea, ce mi-ati raspunde? Ca sunt Trei Persoane: Tatal, Fiul si Duhul Sfant, sau m-ati trimite mai degraba sa consult zeci de carti pentru a afla singura raspunsul? Eu sunt sigura ca ar fi prima varianta pentru ca stiti raspunsul fara sa clipiti macar, in timp ce la intrebarea care sunt dogmele nu stiti raspunsul, de aceea raspundeti evaziv trimitandu-ma la studiu si inca si asta extrem de vag. Daca ar depinde mantuirea oamenilor de raspunsul corect la intrebarile despre dogme, nu stiu cati ar trece testul... |
-Dogma Sfintei Treimi - Dumnezeu este unul in fiinta si intreit in persoana (cata iubire..... )
-Judecata - (viata are sens, nedreptatea si mila nu vor ramine nerasplatite) -Viata vesnica - moartea mortii -Tatal este in toate : natura om,univers,cer ,vazute si nevazute -Dumnezeu are un Fiu ! -Fiul lui Dumnezeu s-a intrupat si a devenit om,pentru ca noi sa redevenim placuti lui Dumnezeu -Mantuirea nu se putea face din cer,nici de un om ,nici de un inger,ci doar de catre Fiul lui Dumnezeu -Fiul lui Dumnezeu s-a facut om,si a luat astfel 2 firi ,intr-o singura persoana .Firea lui Dumnezeu,cea din veci,si firea umana ,luata din pantecele fecioarei.El a luat pentru totdeauna firea umana,si nu se va desparti niciodata de ea -Hristos trebuia rastignit pentru ca pacatul si moartea sa fie iertate.Nu se putea aduce ceva mai de pret lui Dumnezeu ,decat insusi trupul Fiului lui Dumnezeu.Doar aceasta jertfa a putut curata pe deplin -Prin jertfa Fiului avem iertarea pentru pacate, omorirea mortii, restaurarea firii umane,indumnezeirea ei - Duhul lui Dumnezeu este desavarsitorul mantuirii -Duhul lui Dumnezeu se manifesta in oameni prin har,care este un dar al lui Dumnezeu. Oamenii se cheama ca au harul Duhului,precum multi stam si ne incalzim la soare,razele lui ne ating pe toti ,dar nici unul nu cuprinde intreg soarele,si nu micsoreaza prin caldura sa,capacitatea soarelui -Duhul vobeste prin oameni.Cand toti de aceiasi credinta au o aceiasi parere , atunci aceea vine de a Duhul,caci este un Duh al pacii - Harul lui Dumnezeu nu vine prin vreun merit propriu,nici prin vointa noastra ,ci este darul lui Dumnezeu , si ne este dat prin Duhul,nu pe alta cale: materiala,meditatie,merit ,efort,etc -Harul este urmare directa a jertfei lui Hristos .Harul desavarseste trupul cel nou nascut la viata - Harul nu se da decat prin Taina. Deoarece este exclusiv darul lui Dumnezeu obtinut prin jertfa lui Hrsitos,si trimis prin Duhul, atunci cand se da harul trebuie participarea acestor 3 persoane : Dumnezeu care primeste ,Hristos care e adus jertfa ,Duhul care da efectiv harul -Aceste 3 manifestari se gasesc in slujba Euharistiei. Euharistia este rejertfirea lui Hristos,mai putin prin omorire ,ci prin prefacere. Toata jertfa se petrece si in chip vazut,caci este adresata oamenilor. Jertfa se face prin intermediul vazut al painii, deoarece ea trebuie mancata apoi de credinciosi . -Hristos se preface in paine doar pentru a fi mancat Nu exista alt sens al acestei jertfe decat de a fi mancata ,si a fi de folos credinciosilor.In consecinta nu exista alt mijloc de patrundere a harului in noi ,decat prin trupul lui HRISTOS , care doar aparent mai are forma painii - Biserica este trupul lui Hristos ,caci s-a umplut de trupul sau real,prin impartasanie - Harul conlucreaza apoi cu voia omului,pentru a se manifesta in fapte Nici harul nu forteaza liberatatea omulu.Nici omul singur fara har nu poate face faptele cele bune. -Fara rugaciune sufletul omului este mort -Dupa toata acerasta pregatire,omul va trebui sa renasca la viata cea noua,calauzit fiind de har,si prin voie proprie -Pacatul omoara dragostea - Iubirea desavarsita consta in curatirea noastra interioara . Luam astfel cunostinta cu lumea virtutilor si parasim treptat lumea ingusta a pacatului propriu -Si ultima dogma si cea mai mare ,la care ajungem dupa curatirea interioara ,si dupa rodirea virtutilor : ''Iubirea fara margini a lui Dumnezeu , si iubirea aproapelui ca pe sine insusi'' |
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Multumesc Iustin.
Doar pentru tine o intrebare suplimentara: daca fara Har nu facem fapte bune iar Harul il primim doar prin Euharistie, inseamna ca ceilalti care nu iau Euharistia nu fac fapte bune? Pentru ceilalti: sunteti deacord ca cele enumerate de Iustin sunt dogmele ortodoxe? Mai stiti si altele? Multumesc anticipat. |
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"Și normal că nu știu, că doar nu sunt Dumnezeu să cunosc toate dogmele, și nici dogmatist de meserie pentru a le cunoaște în detaliu pe cele ortodoxe. " Hotaraste-te, este normal sau nu sa stii sau sa nu stii? |
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Pentru a putea schița un răspuns, trebuie să o luăm un pic mai de departe, și anume de la câteva concepte de bază cu care operează dogmatica.
Dogma este, prin definiție, un adevăr divin revelat. Acest adevăr simplu are câteva consecințe: -dogma este imutabilă (de neschimbat), fiindcă autorul ei, Dumnezeu, este neschimbător -imutabilitatea dogmei nu înseamnă că nu există modificări de interpretare a ei, nu înseamnă că ea nu se cristalizează în timp. Fiindcă recepționerii ei, oamenii, au o pricepere care se cristalizează în timp. -dogma nu are nicio legătură cu logica. Spunem că nu este nici logică, nici ilogică, ci alogică. Dacă ar fi fost logică, atunci nu ar fi fost nicio nevoie ca Dumnezeu să o descopere oamenilor, ci ei ar fi putut ajunge la același rezultat folosind darul rațiunii. De aceea dogma trece dincolo de rațiune, adică e mister al credinței. Un mister al credinței este un adevăr pe care nu îl putem înțelege pe deplin. -"pe deplin" nu înseamnă că nu înțelegem nimic din el, ci numai că nu înțelegem anumite aspecte. Spre exemplu, înțelegem foarte bine ce înseamnă propoziția "Isus este Dumnezeu", precum și propoziția "Isus este om". Ceea ce scapă mereu înțelegerii noastre este cum pot fi aceste două propoziții adevărate în același timp: iată aspectul de mister al credinței din această dogmă. -în sfârșit, dogmele sunt necesare. Dacă Dumnezeu nu ar fi considerat astfel, El nu ar fi făcut efortul de a le revela. Care este modalitatea concretă prin care operează Dumnezeu pentru a revela, adică a ridica vălul de pe niște adevăruri necesare ? Ajungem astfel, la sursele sau izvoarele credinței noastre. Aici, există unele deosebiri interconfesionale, de aceea, de aici încolo, am să mă refer numai la sursele credinței în Biserica Catolică. Acestea sunt de patru feluri, precum patru izvoare. Două sunt principale: -Sfânta Scriptură (Biblia) și -Sfânta Tradiție (Predania) Iar două sunt secundare: -magisteriul viu al Bisericii și -liturgica Pentru a fi de nivel dogmatic, un adevăr trebuie să aibă susținere cel puțin într-una din sursele principale, iar în mod ideal (și aceasta este regula) în toate patru sursele. O eroare frecventă este aceea de a confunda dogma cu hotărârile dogmatice. În realitate, numai unele dogme sunt ceea ce numim "formulate de manieră extraordinară", sau "dogmele magisteriului extraordinar al Bisericii". Sună complicat? Să simplificăm un pic. Biserica are în ansamblul ei trei ministere, dintre care unul este acela de a învăța. Asta este magisteriul (magister = învățător). Magisteriul ordinar este capabilitatea obișnuită a Bisericii de a învăța. Când vorbim de adunările de episcopi și de Papa, vorbim de magisteriul extraordinar. Atunci când, în Biserică, ajung unii să creadă una, iar alții alta, apare periodic întrebarea "bun, deci ce anume învață Biserica ? E laie sau e bălaie ?". În asemenea situații și NUMAI în asemenea situații, Biserica tranșează (sau nu tranșează ori amână tranșarea) cu ajutorul Magisteriului Extraordinar: Conciliile și Papii. În concluzie, avem destule dogme care, potrivit formulării Sf Augustin, fiind crezute "de toți, dintotdeauna și de peste tot" nu au drept corespondent o hotărâre dogmatică fiindcă Biserica nu a considerat necesar, neexistând nimic de tranșat. Faptul că oamenii au suflet, faptul că el este nemuritor, faptul că există rai și există iad sunt lucruri pe care creștinii "toți, dintotdeauna, de peste tot" le-au crezut. Nu există vreo hotărâre dogmatică asupra nemuririi sufletului, și totuși e un adevăr de nivel dogmatic, adică divin revelat. Acuma, ne apare mai clar de ce nu putem răspunde sec la întrebarea: "câte dogme sunt ?". Am putea, însă, răspunde la întrebarea "câte dogme au fost proclamate de Magisteriul Extraordinar ?" |
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Eu afirm un adevar Fara har nu putem face faptele desavarsirii ,nu asa ca Dumnezeu.Nu ne putem asemana lui Dumnezeu Vom face fapte bune ,sporadice ,unele poate intense . Dar nu va fi lumina dumnezeirii in noi.,Aceasta e marea diferenta Cei care fac fapte bune pe aiurea , doar sunt luminati de ea,un timp mai lung sau mai scurt.Ei doar arata ca Hristos e adevarat ,sunt luminati cumva din exterior,de cel ce a facut omul si l-a inzestrat cu lumina La cei care il gusta pe Hristos ,lumina vine din interior . Ei nu mai dovedesc ca Hrsitos exista ,ci chiar sunt una cu Hristos.Hristos traieste prin ei ,si lumina lor vine din interior. In acest om e o lumina care lumineaza restul oamenilor ,si care ii aduna pe ceialalti ca pe muste in jurul acestei faclii Faptele lor sunt mult mai intense,mai constante si mai desavarsite. Luna e doar luminata de soare.Dar soarele lumineaza el insusi,si nu are nevoie de alta sursa ,caci in credinciosul impartasit locuieste insusi Dumnezeu intrupat,adica Hristos. |
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Cu oameni de genul asta nu poti sa o scoti la capat. Ei stiu ca logica LOR este infaibila si basta. Fereasca Dumnezeu sa puna mana sa citeasca ceva, disputa e scopul. |
The 255 Infallibly Declared Dogmas of the Catholic Faith
1. God, our Creator and Lord, can be known with certainty, by the natural light of reason from created things. 2. God’s existence is not merely an object of natural rational knowledge, but also an object of supernatural faith. 3. God’s Nature is incomprehensible to men. 4. The blessed in Heaven posses an immediate intuitive knowledge of the Divine Essence. 5. The Immediate Vision of God transcends the natural power of cognition of the human soul, and is therefore supernatural. 6. The soul, for the Immediate Vision of God, requires the light of glory. 7. God’s Essence is also incomprehensible to the blessed in Heaven. 8. The Divine Attributes are really identical among themselves and with the Divine Essence. 9. God is absolutely perfect. 10. God is actually infinite in every perfection. 11. God is absolutely simple. 12. There is only One God. 13. The One God is, in the ontological sense, The True God. 14. God possesses an infinite power of cognition. 15. God is absolute Veracity. 16. God is absolutely faithful. 17. God is absolute ontological Goodness in Himself and in relation to others. 18. God is absolute Moral Goodness or Holiness. 19. God is absolute Benignity. 20. God is absolutely immutable. 21. God is eternal. 22. God is immense or absolutely immeasurable. 23. God is everywhere present in created space. 24. God’s knowledge is infinite. 25. God knows all that is merely possible by the knowledge of simple intelligence (scientia simplicis intelligentiae). 26. God knows all real things in the past, the present and the future (Scientia visionis). 27. By knowledge of vision (scientia visionis) God also foresees the free acts of the rational creatures with infallible certainty. 28. God’s Divine will is infinite. 29. God loves Himself of necessity, but loves and wills the creation of extra-Divine things, on the other hand, with freedom. 30. God is almighty. 31. God is the Lord of the heavens and of the earth. 32. God is infinitely just. 33. God is infinitely merciful. 34. In God there are Three Persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost. Each of the Three Persons possesses the one (numerical) Divine Essence. 35. In God there are two Internal Divine Processions. 36. The Divine Persons, not the Divine Nature, are the subject of the Internal Divine processions (in the active and in the passive sense). 37. The Second Divine Person proceeds from the First Divine Person by Generation, and therefore is related to Him as Son to a Father. 38. The Holy Ghost proceeds from the Father and from the Son as from a Single Principle through a Single Spiration. 39. The Holy Ghost does not proceed through generation but through spiration. 40. The Relations in God are really identical with the Divine Nature. 41. The Three Divine Persons are in One Another. 42. All the ad extra Activities of God are common to all Three Persons. 43. All that exists outside God was, in its whole substance, produced out of nothing by God. 44. God was moved by His Goodness to create the world. 45. The world was created for the Glorification of God. 46. The Three Divine Persons are one single, common Principle of the Creation. 47. God created the world free from exterior compulsion and inner necessity. 48. God has created a good world. 49. The world had a beginning in time. 50. God alone created the World. 51. God keeps all created things in existence. 52. God through His providence protects and guides all that He has created. 53. The first man was created by God. 54. Man consists of two essential parts--a material body and a spiritual soul. 55. The rational soul is per se the essential form of the body. 56. Every human being possesses an individual soul. 57. God has conferred on man a supernatural Destiny. 58. Our first parents, before the Fall, were endowed with sanctifying grace. 59. They were also endowed with donum immortalitatis, i.e., the gift of bodily immortality. 60. Our first parents in paradise sinned grievously through transgression of the Divine probationary commandment. 61. Through the sin our first parents lost sanctifying grace and provoked the anger and the indignation of God. 62. Our first parents became subject to death and to the dominion of the Devil. 63. Adam’s sin is transmitted to his posterity, not by imitation, but by descent. 64. Original sin is transmitted by natural generation. 65. In the state of original sin man is deprived of sanctifying grace and all that this implies, as well as of the preternatural gifts of integrity. 66. Souls who depart this life in the state of original sin are excluded from the Beatific Vision of God. 67. In the beginning of time God created spiritual essences (angels) out of nothing. 68. The nature of angels is spiritual. 69. The secondary task of the good angels is the protection of men and care for their salvation. 70. The Devil possesses a certain dominion over mankind by reason of Adam’s sin. 71. Jesus Christ is the True God and True Son of God. 72. Christ assumed a real body, not an apparent body. 73. Christ assumed not only a body but also a rational soul. 74. Christ was truly generated and born of a daughter of Adam, the Virgin Mary. 75. The Divine and the human natures are united hypostatically in Christ, that is, joined to each other in one Person. 76. Christ Incarnate is a single, that is, a sole Person. He is God and man at the same time. 77. The God-Logos is connected with the flesh by an inner, physical or substantial unification. Christ is not the bearer of God, but is God really. 78. The human and the divine activities predicated of Christ in Holy Writ and in the Fathers may not be divided between two persons or hypostases, the Man-Christ and the God-Logos, but must be attributed to the one Christ, the Logos become Flesh. It is the Divine Logos, who suffered in the flesh, was crucified, died, and rose again. 79. The Holy Virgin is the Mother of God since she truly bore the God-Logos become Flesh. 80. In the Hypostatic Union each of the two natures of Christ continues unimpaired, untransformed and unmixed with the other. 81. Each of the two natures in Christ possesses its own natural will and its own natural mode of operation. 82. The Hypostatic Union of Christ’s human nature with the Divine Logos took place at the moment of conception. 83. The Hypostatic Union will never cease. 84. The Hypostatic Union was effected by the Three Divine Persons acting in common. 85. Only the Second Divine Person became Man. 86. Not only as God but also as man Jesus Christ is the natural Son of God. 87. The God-Man Jesus Christ is to be venerated with one single mode of Worship, the absolute Worship of Latria which is due to God alone. 88. Christ’s Divine and Human characteristics and activities are to be predicated of the one Word Incarnate. 89. Christ was free from all sin, from original sin as well as from all personal sin. 90. Christ’s human nature was passible (capable of sensation & suffering). 91. The Son of God became man in order to redeem men. 92. Fallen man cannot redeem himself. 93. The God-Man Jesus Christ is a High Priest. 94. Christ offered Himself on the Cross as a true and proper sacrifice. 95. Christ by His Sacrifice on the Cross has ransomed us and reconciled us with God. 96. Christ did not die for the predestined only. 97. Christ’s Atonement does not extend to the fallen angels. 98. Christ, through His Passion and Death, merited reward from God. 99. After His Death, Christ’s soul, which was separated from His Body, descended into the underworld. 100. On the third day after His Death Christ rose gloriously from the dead. |
101. Christ ascended Body and Soul into Heaven and sits at the right hand of the Father.
102. Mary is truly the Mother of God. 103. Mary was conceived without stain of Original sin. 104. Mary conceived by the Holy Ghost without the co-operation of man. 105. Mary bore her Son without any violation of her virginal integrity. 106. Also after the Birth of Jesus Mary remained a Virgin. 107. Mary was a Virgin before, during and after the Birth of Jesus Christ. 108. Mary was assumed body and soul into Heaven. 109. There is a supernatural intervention of God in the faculties of the soul, which precedes the free act of the will. 110. There is a supernatural influence of God in the faculties of the soul which coincides in time with man’s free act of will. 111. For every salutary act internal supernatural grace of God (gratia elevans) is absolutely necessary. 112. Internal supernatural grace is absolutely necessary for the beginning of faith and of salvation. 113. Without the special help of God the justified cannot persevere to the end in justification. 114. The justified person is not able for his whole life long to avoid all sins, even venial sins, without the special privilege of the grace of God. 115. Even in the fallen state, man can, by his natural intellectual power, know religious and moral truths. 116. For the performance of a morally good action Sanctifying Grace is not required. 117. In the state of fallen nature it is morally impossible for man without Supernatural Revelation, to know easily, with absolute certainty and without admixture of error, all religious and moral truths of the natural order. 118. Grace cannot be merited by natural works either de condigno or de congruo. 119. God gives all the just sufficient grace (gratia proxime vel remote sufficiens) for the observation of the Divine Commandments. 120. God, by His Eternal Resolve of Will, has predetermined certain men to eternal blessedness. 121. God, by an Eternal Resolve of His Will, predestines certain men, on account of their foreseen sins, to eternal rejection. 122. The Human Will remains free under the influence of efficacious grace, which is not irresistible. 123. There is a grace which is truly sufficient and yet remains inefficacious (gratia vere et mere sufficiens). 124. The sinner can and must prepare himself by the help of actual grace for the reception of the grace by which he is justified. 125. The justification of an adult is not possible without Faith. 126. Besides faith, further acts of disposition must be present. 127. Sanctifying grace sanctifies the soul. 128. Sanctifying grace makes the just man a friend of God. 129. Sanctifying grace makes the just man a child of God and gives him a claim to the inheritance of Heaven. 130. The three Divine or Theological Virtues of Faith, Hope and Charity are infused with Sanctifying grace. 131. Without special Divine Revelation no one can know with the certainty of faith, if he be in the state of grace. 132. The degree of justifying grace is not identical in all the just. 133. Grace can be increased by good works. 134. The grace by which we are justified may be lost, and is lost by every grievous [mortal, serious] sin. 135. By his good works the justified man really acquires a claim to supernatural reward from God. 136. A just man merits for himself through each good work an increase of sanctifying grace, eternal life (if he dies in a state of grace) and an increase of heavenly glory. 137. The Church was founded by the God-Man Jesus Christ. 138. Our Redeemer Himself conserves with divine power the society founded by Him, the Church. 139. Christ is the Divine Redeemer of His Body, the Church. 140. Christ founded the Church in order to continue His work of redemption for all time. 141. Christ gave His Church a hierarchical constitution. 142. The powers bestowed on the Apostles have descended to the bishops. 143. Christ appointed the Apostle Peter to be the first of all the Apostles and to be the visible head of the whole Church, by appointing him immediately and personally to the primacy of jurisdiction. 144. According to Christ’s ordinance, Peter is to have successors in his Primacy over the whole Church and for all time. 145. The successors of Peter in the Primacy are the bishops of Rome. 146. The Pope possesses full and supreme power of jurisdiction over the whole Church, not merely in matters of faith and morals, but also in Church discipline and in the government of the Church. 147. The Pope is infallible when he speaks ex cathedra. 148. By virtue of Divine Right the bishops possess an ordinary power of government over their dioceses. 149. Christ is the Head of the Church. 150. In the final decision on doctrines concerning faith and morals the Church is infallible. 151. The primary object of the Infallibility is the formally revealed truths of Christian Doctrine concerning faith and morals. 152. The totality of the Bishops is infallible, when they, either assembled in general council or scattered over the earth, propose a teaching of faith or morals as one to be held by all the faithful. 153. The Church founded by Christ is unique and one. 154. The Church founded by Christ is holy. 155. The Church founded by Christ is catholic. 156. The Church founded by Christ is apostolic. 157. Membership of the Church is necessary for all men for salvation. 158. It is permissible and profitable to venerate the Saints in Heaven, and to invoke their intercession. 159. It is permissible and profitable to venerate the relics of the Saints. 160. It is permissible and profitable to venerate images of the Saints. 161. The living Faithful can come to the assistance of the Souls in Purgatory by their intercessions (suffrages). 162. The Sacraments of the New Covenant contain the grace which they signify, and bestow it on those who do not hinder it. 163. The Sacraments work ex opere operato (simply by being done). 164. All the Sacraments of the New Covenant confer sanctifying grace on the receivers. 165. Three Sacraments, Baptism, Confirmation and Holy Orders, imprint a character, that is, an indelible spiritual mark, and for this reason cannot be repeated. 166. The Sacramental Character is a spiritual mark imprinted on the soul. 167. The Sacramental Character continues at least until the death of its bearer. 168. All the Sacraments of the New Covenant were instituted by Jesus Christ. 169. There are Seven Sacraments of the New Law. 170. The Sacraments of the New Covenant are necessary for the salvation of mankind. 171. For the valid dispensing of the Sacraments it is necessary that the minister accomplish the Sacramental Sign in the proper manner. 172. The minister must further have the intention at least of doing what the Church does. 173. In the case of adult recipients moral worthiness is necessary for the worthy or fruitful reception of the Sacraments. 174. Baptism is a true Sacrament instituted by Jesus Christ. 175. The materia remota of the Sacrament of Baptism is true and natural water. 176. Baptism confers the grace of justification. 177. Baptism effects the remission of all punishments of sin, both the eternal and the temporal. 178. Eve if it be unworthily received, valid Baptism imprints on the soul of the recipient an indelible spiritual mark, the Baptismal Character, and for this reason, the Sacrament cannot be repeated. 179. Baptism by water (Baptismus fluminis) is, since the promulgation of the Gospel, necessary for all men without exception, for salvation. 180. Baptism can be validly administered by anyone. 181. Baptism can be received by any person in the wayfaring state who is not already baptised. 182. The Baptism of young children is valid and licit. 183. Confirmation is a true Sacrament properly so-called. 184. Confirmation imprints on the soul an indelible spiritual mark, and for this reason, cannot be repeated. 185. The ordinary minister of Confirmation is the Bishop alone. 186. The Body and Blood of Jesus Christ are truly, really and substantially present in the Eucharist. 187. Christ becomes present in the Sacrament of the Altar by the transformation of the whole substance of the bread into His Body and the whole substance of the wine into His Blood. 188. The Accidents of bread and wine continue after the change of the substance. 189. The Body and the Blood of Christ together with His Soul and His Divinity and therefore the Whole Christ are truly present in the Eucharist. 190. The Whole Christ is present under each of the two Species. 191. When either consecrated species is divided the Whole Christ is present in each part of the species. 192. After the Consecration has been completed the Body and Blood are permanently present in the Eucharist. 193. The Worship of Adoration (latria) must be given to Christ present in the Eucharist. 194. The Eucharist is a true Sacrament instituted by Christ. 195. The matter for the consummation of the Eucharist is bread and wine. 196. For children before the age of reason the reception of the Eucharist is not necessary for salvation. 197. Communion under two forms is not necessary for any individual member of the Faithful, either by reason of Divine precept or as a means of salvation. 198. The power of consecration resides in a validly consecrated priest only. 199. The Sacrament of the Eucharist can be validly received by every baptized person in the wayfaring state, including young children. 200. For the worthy reception of the Eucharist the state of grace as well as the proper and pious disposition are necessary. |
201. The Holy Mass is a true and proper Sacrifice.
202. In the Sacrifice of the Mass, Christ’s Sacrifice on the Cross is made present, its memory is celebrated, and its saving power is applied. 203. In the Sacrifice of the Mass and in the Sacrifice of the Cross the Sacrificial Gift and the Primary Sacrificing Priest are identical; only the nature and mode of the offering are different. 204. The Sacrifice of the Mass is not merely a sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving, but also a sacrifice of expiation and impetration. 205. The Church has received from Christ the power of remitting sins committed after Baptism. 206. By the Church’s Absolution sins are truly and immediately remitted. 207. The Church’s power to forgive sins extends to all sin without exception. 208. The exercise of the Church’s power to forgive sins is a judicial act. 209. The forgiveness of sins which takes place in the Tribunal of Penance is a true and proper Sacrament, which is distinct from the Sacrament of Baptism. 210. Extra-sacramental justification is effected by perfect sorrow only when it is associated with the desire for the Sacrament (votum sacramenti). 211. Contrition springing from the motive of fear is a morally good and supernatural act. 212. The Sacramental confession of sins is ordained by God and is necessary for salvation. 213. By virtue of Divine ordinance all grievous sins (mortal, serious) according to kind and number, as well as those circumstances which alter their nature, are subject to the obligation of confession. 214. The confession of venial sins is not necessary but is permitted and is useful. 215. All temporal punishments for sin are not always remitted by God with the guilt of sin and the eternal punishment. 216. The priest has the right and the duty, according to the nature of the sins and the ability of the penitent, to impose salutary and appropriate works of satisfaction. 217. Extra-sacramental penitential works, such as the performance of voluntary penitential practices and the patient bearing of trials sent by God, possess satisfactory value. 218. The form of the Sacrament of Penance consists in the words of Absolution. 219. Absolution, in association with the acts of the penitent, effects the forgiveness of sins. 220. The principal effect of the Sacrament of Penance is the reconciliation of the sinner with God. 221. The Sacrament of Penance is necessary for salvation to those who, after Baptism, fall into grievous sin. 222. The sole possessors of the Church’s Power of Absolution are the bishops and priests. 223. Absolution given by deacons, clerics of lower rank, and laymen is not Sacramental Absolution. 224. The Sacrament of Penance can be received by any baptized person, who, after Baptism, has committed a grievous or venial sin. 225. The Church possesses the power to grant Indulgences. 226. The use of Indulgences is useful and salutary to the Faithful. 227. Extreme Unction is a true and proper Sacrament instituted by Christ. 228. The remote matter of Extreme Unction is oil. 229. The form consists in the prayer of the priest for the sick person which accompanies the anointing. 230. Extreme Unction gives the sick person sanctifying grace in order to arouse and strengthen him. 231. Extreme Unction effects the remission of grievous sins still remaining and of venial sins. 232. Extreme Unction sometimes effects the restoration of bodily health, if this be of spiritual advantage. 233. Only bishops and priests can validly administer Extreme Unction. 234. Extreme Unction can be received only by the Faithful who are seriously ill. 235. Holy Order is a true and proper Sacrament which was instituted by Christ. 236. The consecration of priests is a Sacrament. 237. Bishops are superior to priests. 238. The Sacrament of Order confers sanctifying grace on the recipient. 239. The Sacrament of Order imprints a character on the recipient. 240. The Sacrament of Order confers a permanent spiritual power on the recipient. 241. The ordinary dispenser of all grades of Order, both the sacramental and the non-sacramental, is the validly consecrated bishop alone. 242. Marriage is a true and proper Sacrament instituted by God. 243. From the sacramental contract of marriage emerges the Bond of Marriage, which binds both marriage partners to a lifelong indivisible community of life. 244. The Sacrament of Matrimony bestows Sanctifying Grace on the contracting parties. 245. In the present order of salvation death is a punishment for sin. 246. All human beings subject to original sin are subject to the law of death. 247. The souls of the just which in the moment of death are free from all guilt of sin and punishment for sin, enter into Heaven. 248. The bliss of heaven lasts for all eternity. 249. The degree of perfection of the beatific vision granted to the just is proportioned to each one’s merits. 250. The souls of those who die in the condition of personal grievous sin enter Hell. 251. The punishment of Hell lasts for all eternity. 252. The souls of the just which, in the moment of death, are burdened with venial sins or temporal punishment due to sins, enter Purgatory. 253. At the end of the world Christ will come again in glory to pronounce judgment. 254. All the dead will rise again on the last day with their bodies. 255. Christ, on His second coming, will judge all men. |
" 207. The Church’s power to forgive sins extends to all sin without exception."
cum adica, toate? eu stiam ca ca aici e o exceptie. |
Știați greșit.
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Multumesc Mihnea si Mihai pentru lamuririle in ceea ce priveste Biserica catolica.
Pentru Mihnea: din cate inteleg din postarea dvs. faceti distinctie intre a cunoaste o dogma si a o intelege. Ca atare, un om care nu cunoaste toate dogmele se poate mantui in BC? Dar unul care le cunoaste dar nu le intelege? Si ce sens are sau ce bine primeste un om din faptul de a cunoaste o dogma fara sa o inteleaga? Multumesc anticipat de raspunsuri. |
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" Adevărat vă spun că toate păcatele și toate hulele pe care le vor rosti oamenii li se vor ierta; dar oricine va huli împotriva Duhului Sfânt nu va căpăta iertare în veac: ci este vinovat de un păcat veșnic.”" "Și oricui va vorbi împotriva Fiului omului i se va ierta; dar oricui va huli împotriva Duhului Sfânt nu i se va ierta." " De aceea vă spun: orice păcat și orice hulă vor fi iertate oamenilor; dar hula împotriva Duhului Sfânt nu le va fi iertată." " Dacă vede cineva pe fratele său săvârșind un păcat care nu duce la moarte, să se roage; și Dumnezeu îi va da viața, pentru cei ce n-au săvârșit un păcat care duce la moarte. Este un păcat care duce la moarte; nu-i zic să se roage pentru păcatul acela." |
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Spune te rog daca nu esti de acord cu ce am zis,nu vreau sa lasam sa treaca asta,ca stiu ca e esential pt tine Stiu ca e greu de digerat ce am zis,ca ar aduce excludere. Asa e? Asa ai simtit? |
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"In acest om e o lumina care lumineaza restul oamenilor ,si care ii aduna pe ceialalti ca pe muste in jurul acestei faclii" ? Astfel de oameni exista doar la ortodocsi? |
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cel mai bun link privitor la dogmele din Bo pe care l-am gasit: http://orthodoxinfo.com/general/doctrine1.aspx iar de pe orthodox wiki avem urmatoarele: For Orthodox Christians, the dogmata are contained in the Nicene Creed and the canons of the seven ecumenical councils. These tenets are summarized by St. John of Damascus in his Exact Exposition of the Orthodox Faith , which is the third book of his main work, titled The Fount of Knowledge. In this book he takes a dual approach in explaining each article of the Orthodox faith: one for Christians, where he uses quotations from Scripture and, occasionally, from works of other Fathers of the Church, and the second, directed both at non-Christians (but who, nevertheless, hold some sort of religious belief) and at atheists, where he quite skillfully employs Aristotelian logic and dialectics, especially reductio ad absurdum. |
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Multumesc anticipat. |
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In acest context pentru mine ramane o enigma de ce crestinii nu sclipesc in mod evident de fapte bune fata de ceilalti. In teorie asa ar trebui sa fie, in practica insa chiar putem sa o afirmam? Stii cum se spune, teoria ca teoria dar practica ne omoara... |
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1) Nivelul sfintilor si al celor desavarsiti sau mbunatatiti -cel mai inalt nivel,la care nu pot ajunge decat ortodocsii,caci Hristos trebuie sa se contopeasca cu acel om 2) Nivelul celor care daruiesc ,si care are exponenti dintre toti oamenii ,indiferent de religie si cultura ,incepind de la ortodocsii traitori, pina la ultimul om din jungla si ultimu chinez . Acei oameni sunt doar exemple de ceea ce ar trebui sa facem 3) Si spre rusinea noastra o afirm: Noi ceilalti Dintre acestia,ultimii, ortodocsii au sanse mai mari sa urce ,macar la nivelul 2,caci harul ii trage in continuu in sus.Sau ii va face sa coboare atit de jos,incat sa se scarbeasca de ei,si asta e prinul pas al smereniei Afirm cu toata taria ca un pagin care stie sa iubeasca este superior unui ortodox care nu arata in toate faptele vietii sale iubirea. Dar tot eu afirm,ca ortodoxul acela are cel mai mare potential ,si ca prin har,Dumnezeu nu il va lasa pina la sfarsit sa nu se intelepteasca. Caci harul este cel mai minunat lucru care il primim in dar de la Dumnezeu ,si covarseste orice inima impietrita |
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